What you'll learn:

  • Pharmacology Mnemonics for "Tufts Pharmacology Board Review" paper (FIRST 16 PAGES)
  • Fun and engaging videos of ways to remember all the details in the paper.


Mnemonics to remember the following:

  1. Local Anesthetics:
    • - A FOOLPROOF FORMULA FOR LOCAL ANESTHETIC CALCULATION (that I invented)
    • -Distinguish amides from esters (name, metabolism, structure)
    • - Mechanism of action of LAs
    • - Absorption of LA
    • - Toxic reactions to LAs (prilocaine and methomoglobinemia)
    • - Duration of action of different Local anesthetics
    • and even more mnemonics
  2. Antibiotics:
    1. - Compare different penicillins in terms of allergenicity, administration, potency against different bugs and spectrums, drug of choice in certain conditions.
    2. - Mechanism of action of various antibiotics
    3. -Side effects/ toxicities of tetracyclines, clindamycin, penicillins etc..
    4. - Interactions between antibiotics and other drugs (what antibiotics should be avoided patients taking certain drugs)
    5. and much more.. All in fun mnemonics form!
  3.  Cardiovascular Drugs:
    1. - Drugs used to treat different conditions (hypertension, angina, arrythmias, congestive heart failure)
    2. - Mechanism of action of various agents  (antihypertensives, antiarrythmics types 1A, 1B.., antiangina drugs, ACE inhibitors, adrenergic drugs, diuretics)
    3. and more.. All in mnemonics form so that you don't mixup between all these drugs!


Course Description

A whole course of mnemonics for basic pharmacology that you should know (especially for NBDE and dental boards). 

Full of almost-funny, fool-proof tips and tricks to remember important pharma details and never forget them again!

If you are studying for dental boards, are a dental student/professional , medical student/professional, pharm student/professional, or in any way related to the medical field and having difficulty remembering all the drugs names and what they do--then this course is for you!

Note that this whole course is based on "Tufts Pharmacology Board Review" paper for NBDE, which is a very famous resource among NBDE candidates. The course curriculum follows the exact same arrangement and order of notes and question of the paper, so you can STUDY FROM THEM TOGETHER!. 

What's better than a mnemonic-generating study buddy?

Course curriculum

  • 1

    Local Anesthetics Notes Mnemonics

    • Distinguish amide from ester local anesthetics based on the name - part 1

    • Distinguish amide from ester local anesthetics based on the name - part 2

    • Metabolism of Local Anesthetics- ester vs amide

    • Local anesthetics are the drug group with the most consistent structure.

    • LA toxicity: prilocaine causes methemoglobinemia

    • Mechanism of action of local anesthetics

    • Absorption of local anesthetics

    • Calculations of local anesthetics (SPECIAL FORMULA)
  • 2

    Local anesthetics- Questions

    • question 1

    • question 2

    • question 3

    • question 9

    • question 10

    • question 11

    • question 12

    • question 13

    • Q 14- MNEMONIC: Duration of action of LAs

    • question 15

    • Q 15 "2nd"- MNEMONIC: propranolol increases the duration of action of Lidocaine

    • Q 16- MNEMONIC: amide vs ester half lives

    • question 17

    • Q 18- MNEMONIC: Methemoglobinemia & Orthotoluidine

    • question 19

    • Q 20- MNEMONIC: LA toxicity effects on nervous systems

    • question 20 a

    • question 20 the second

    • Q 20 "3rd"-MNEMONIC: Grave's disease & sensitivity to epinephrine

    • Q 21- MNEMONIC: cardiovascular collapse is due to DIRECT action of LA on heart.

    • question 22

    • Q 23- MNEMONIC: Cocaine blocks reuptake of norepinephrine & produces vasoconstri

    • Q 24- MNEMONIC: Cocaine stimulates cerebral cortex

    • question 25

    • question 26

    • Q 27- MNEMONIC: Sodium-potassium pump

    • question 28

    • question 30

    • question 31

    • question 32

    • Q 35- MNEMONIC: pKa, pH effect on local anesthetics.

    • pg 5- Q 33-MNEMONIC: onset of action of LA in small nerves vs large

    • pg 5 Q 34

    • pg 4 Q 35

    • pg 5 Q 36

    • pg 5 Q 37

    • pg 5 Q 38

    • pg 5 Q 39
  • 3

    Antibiotics Notes Mnemonics

    • Point 1a: Penicillin V vs Penicillin G

    • Point 1b: ampicillin has the best gram-negative spectrum

    • Point 1c: Drugs that are cross-allergenic with penicillin

    • Point 1d: Dicloxacillin is effective against penicillinase-producing bugs

    • point 1e: Carbenicillin is used to treat psuedomonas infections

    • point 1f (check latest guidelines)

    • point 2a: Bactericidal agents (penicillin) and their mechanism of action

    • Point 2b: Bacteriostatic agents (tetracyline) and their mechanism of action

    • point 2c: Antifungals mechanism of action.

    • Point 2d: Bacteriostatic agents (sulfonamides) mech. of action(PABA-folic acid)

    • point 3a: Allergic reactions to penicillins- symptoms

    • point 3b: Clindamycin produces psuedomonas colitis & GI upset

    • point 3c: broad spectrum & narrow spectrum antibiotics- superinfection

    • point 3d: Aplastic anemia is associated with chloramphenicol

    • point 3e: Tetracycline is associated with liver damage

    • point 3f: erythromycin estolate is associated with allergic cholestatic hepatits

    • Point 4a: Tetracyline and penicillin (cidal-static interaction)

    • point 4b: probenecid and penicillin interaction

    • point 4c: Tetracyline interaction with anatacids and dairy products

    • point 4d: Broad spectrum antibiotics enhance the action of coumarin

    • point 4e: Ampicillin reduces effectiveness of oral contraceptives

    • point 4f: erythromycin inhibits metabolism of seldane and digoxin

    • point 5a: Acyclovir is used to treat herpes

    • point 5b: Fluconazole/ ketoconazole: systemic-acting antifungals for candidiasis
  • 4

    Antibiotics- Questions

    • pg 7 Q 5

    • pg 7 Q 6

    • Q 7- MMNEMONIC: penicillin G is given intramuscularly

    • Q 11

    • Q 12- MNEMONIC: Cephalexin is cross-allergenic with penicillins

    • Q 13

    • pg 8 Q 14 -MNEMONIC: substitutes for penicillin in peniciilin-sensitive patients

    • pg 7 Q 13 the 2nd

    • Q 15

    • Q 16- MNEMONIC: Ampicillin has the best gram-negative spectrum among penicillins

    • pg 8 Q 17

    • pg 7 Q 18

    • pg 8 Q 19

    • Q 20- MNEMONIC: Ampicillin is the least effective against penicillinase

    • Q 21

    • pg 8 Q 22

    • pg 8 Q 24

    • pg 8 Q 25

    • Q 26- MNEMONIC:Clindamycin concentration in bone; tetracyline in gingival fluid

    • Q 27

    • pg 9 Q 37

    • Q 28- MNEMONIC: Different Antibiotics side effects

    • Q 29- MNEMONIC: Erythromycin estolate is associated with cholestatic hepatits

    • pg 9 Q 30

    • Q 31-MNEMONIC: Drugs that cause gastrointestinal upset & pseudomem. colitis

    • pg 9 Q 32

    • pg 9 Q 33

    • Q 34- MNEMONIC: Tetracycline side effects (photosensitivity & GI symptoms)

    • Q 36- MNEMONIC: Colitis from clindamycin therapy is cause by C. difficile

    • pg 10 Q 37

    • Q 38- MNEMONIC: Acyclovir is used to treat herpes.

    • Q 38 the second

    • pg 10 Q 39

    • Q 40- MNEMONIC: Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergisitic.

    • pg 10 Q 41

    • Q 42- MNEMONIC: antibiotic concentration at the site of infection- odontogenic

    • pg 10 Q 14

    • pg 10 Q 42 the second

    • Q 43

    • Q 44- MNEMONIC: Probenecid results in decreased renal excretion of penicillin

    • Q 71- MNEMONIC: Penicillin is metabolized in the liver, cleared by kidneys

    • Q 45

    • Q 46- MNEMONIC: Ciprofloxacin is affected by anatacids and dairy products

    • Q 47- MNEMONIC: Erythromycin should be avoided in patients taking Seldane
  • 5

    Cardiovascular Drugs Mnemonics: 1) Drugs used to treat a certain condition

    • Hypertension- point 1: Diuretics

    • Hypertension- point 2: Beta blockers

    • Hypertension- point 3: Alpha-1 blockers

    • Hypertension- point 4: centrally acting adrenergic drugs

    • Hypertension- point 5: neuronal blockers

    • Hypertension- point 6: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors

    • Hypertension- Group mnemonic

    • Angina

    • Arrythmias- point 1: Lidocaine

    • Arrythmias- point 2 : Phenytoin

    • Arrythmias-point 3: Quinidine

    • Aryythmias-point 4: Verapamil

    • Arrythmias point 5: Digitalis

    • Arrythmias point 6

    • Arrythmia drugs group mnemonic

    • Congestive heart failure
  • 6

    Mechanism of action of Cardiovascular drugs.

    • Antiarrythmics point a: Type 1A agents (quinidine)

    • Antiarrythmics point b: Type 1B agents (idocaine)

    • Antiarrythmics point c (digitalis)

    • Antiangina point a: Nitroglycerin

    • Antiangina point b: propranolol

    • Antiangina point c: Calcium channel blockers

    • Antihypertensives

    • ACE inhibitors

    • Adrenergic agents- point a: prazosin & alpha-1 action

    • Adrenergic agents- point b: Methyldopa

    • Adrenergic agents- point c: Clonidine & alpha-2 action

    • Adrenergic agents- point d: propranolol

    • Adrenergic agents- point e: metoprolol

    • Diuretics- introduction

    • Diuretics- point a: thiazides.

    • Diuretics- point b: High-ceiling or loop acting (furosemide)

    • Diuretics- point c: potassium sparing: spironolactone

    • Congestive heart failure drugs Mechanism
  • 7

    Cardiovascular drugs- Questions

    • pg 12 Q 1

    • pg 12 Q 2

    • pg 13 Q 3

    • pg 13 Q 4

    • pg 13 Q 5

    • Q 6- MNEMONIC: Ephedrine is used to treat hypertension

    • pg 13 Q 7

    • Q 8- MNEMONIC: Procainamide is used to treat cardiac aryythmia

    • Q 9: MNEMONIC: chlorothiazide is used in mild hypertension

    • pg 13 Q 10

    • pg 13 Q 11

    • pg 13 Q 12

    • pg 13 Q 13

    • pg 13 Q 14

    • pg 13 Q 15

    • pg 14 Q 16

    • pg 14 Q 17

    • pg 14 Q 18

    • pg 14 Q 19

    • pg 14 Q 20

    • pg 14 Q 21

    • Q 22- MNEMONIC: thiazide diuretics can cause hyperglycemia

    • pg 14 Q 23

    • pg 14 Q 24

    • pg 14 Q 25

    • pg 15 Q 26

    • pg 15 Q 27

    • pg 15 Q 28

    • pg 15 Q 29

    • pg 15 Q 30

    • Q 31: MNEMONIC: digitalis increases urine flow

    • Q 32- MNEMONIC: Prazosin inhibits the postsynaptic action of norepinephrine

    • pg 15 Q 33

    • Q 33- MNEMONIC point a: Methyldopa stimulates alpha-2 in the brainstem

    • Q 33 point b: Metoprolol

    • Q 33 point c- MNEMONIC: hydralazine reduces hypertenssion by direct vasodilation

    • Q 33 point d- MNEMONIC: propranolol

    • Q 33- point e- MNEMONIC: Guanethedine & catecholamines & blood-brain barrier

    • pg 15 Q 34

    • pg 15 Q 35

    • pg 15 Q 36

    • Q 37-MNEMONIC: Beta-1 agonists increase heart rate and cardiac output

    • Q 38- MNEMONIC: ethacrynic acid: high-ceiling diuretic, can cause ototoxicity

    • Q 39-MNEMONIC: Yellow-green vision is a symptom of digitalis toxicity

    • pg 16 Q 40
Watch Intro Video

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Propranolol increases the duration of action of Lidocaine

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Cocaine blocks reuptake of norepinephrine & produces vasoconstrion

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Penicillin V vs Penicillin G

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Bactericidal agents (penicillin) and their mechanism of action

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Tetracycline side effects

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neuronal blockers

Instructor

Dentist, Educator

Hiba Al- Shawa

Dr. Hiba Al-Shawa is a Dentist with a passion for education, spreading knowledge and making the lives of dental students easier (when possible). She has a special interest in improving the memory through different techniques such as visual and "rhymes as" mnemonic strategies, that she employs in helping students study in a more efficient, fun way.

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